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general description the max2838 direct-conversion, zero-if, rf transceiv- er is designed specifically for 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wire- less broadband systems. the max2838 completely integrates all circuitry required to implement the rf transceiver function, providing rf-to-baseband receive path, baseband-to-rf transmit path, vco, frequency synthesizer, and baseband/control interface. the device includes a fast-settling sigma-delta rf synthe- sizer with smaller than 29hz frequency steps. the max2838 supports 2tx, 2rx mimo applications with a master device providing coherent lo to the slave device. the transceiver ic also integrates circuits for on-chip dc-offset cancellation, i/q error, and carrier- leakage detection circuits. only an rf bandpass filter (bpf), tcxo, rf switch, pa, and a small number of passive components are needed to form a complete wireless broadband rf radio solution. the max2838 completely eliminates the need for an external saw filter by implementing on-chip monolithic filters for both the receiver and transmitter. the base- band filters along with the rx and tx signal paths are optimized to meet the stringent noise figure and lineari- ty specifications. the device supports up to 2048-fft ofdm and implements programmable channel filters for 1.5mhz to 28mhz rf channel bandwidths. the transceiver requires only 2? tx-rx switching time. the ic is available in a small 48-pin thin qfn package mea- suring only 6mm x 6mm x 0.8mm. applications 802.16-2004/802.16d fixed wimax 802.16e mimo mobile wimax wimax pico and femto basestations nlos wireless broadband systems features ? 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wide-band operation ? master-slave modes with coherent lo for mimo ? complete rf transceiver, and pa driver 0dbm linear ofdm transmit power -70dbr tx spectral emission mask 2.8db rx noise figure tx/rx i/q error and lo leakage detection and adjustment automatic rx dc offset correction monolithic low-noise vco with -39dbc integrated phase noise programmable rx i/q lowpass channel filters programmable tx i/q lowpass anti-aliasing filter sigma-delta fractional-n pll with 29hz step size 60db tx gain control range with 1db step size, digitally controlled 94db rx gain control range with 2db step size, digitally controlled 60db analog rssi instantaneous dynamic range 4-wire spi digital interface i/q analog baseband interface digital tx/rx/shutdown mode control low-power clockout mode on-chip digital temperature sensor readout ? +2.7v to +3.6v transceiver supply ? low-power shutdown mode ? small 48-pin thin qfn package (6mm x 6mm x 0.8mm) max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver ________________________________________________________________ maxim integrated products 1 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 1 2 3 4 5 48 thin qfn + 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 max2838 gndvco gndcp cpout+ cpout- vcccp refclk vccdig clkout sclk cs vcctmx pabias rxbbq+ rxbbq- b6 b7 rssi din dout extvco+ extvco- vcclo vccvco vcobyp rxbbi- rxhp vccrxvga rxbbi+ vccrxfl txbbi- txbbi+ txbbq+ txbbq- vccrxmx rxtx enable vccrxlna gndrxlna b5 rxrf+ rxrf- b4 vcctxpad b3 b2 txrf+ txrf- b1 pin configuration ordering information 19-1049; rev 1; 8/08 for pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact maxim direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit maxim? website at www.maxim-ic.com. * ep = exposed paddle. + denotes a lead-free package. t = tape and reel. part temp range pin-package m ax 2838e tm + t- 40c to + 85c 48 tq fn - e p * wimax is a trademark of the wimax forum. spi is a trademark of motorola, inc.
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ absolute maximum ratings dc electrical characteristics (max2838 evaluation kit, v cc _ = 2.7v to 3.6v, t a = -40? to +85?, enable and rxtx set according to operating mode, cs = high, sclk = din = low, transmitter and receiver in maximum gain, no input signal at rf inputs, all rf inputs and outputs termi nated into 50 , receiver baseband outputs are open. 90mv rms differential i and q signals (1mhz) applied to i and q baseband inputs of transmitter in transmit mode, all registers set to recommended settings and corresponding test mode, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at v cc = 2.8v, f lo = 3.6ghz, and t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) stresses beyond those listed under ?bsolute maximum ratings?may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress rating s only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specificatio ns is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. v cc_ pins to gnd..................................................-0.3v to +3.6v rf inputs: rxrf+, rxrf-, extvco+, extvco- to gnd ................................................-0.3v to +3.6v rf outputs: txrf+, txrf-, extvco+, extvco- to gnd ................................................-0.3v to +3.6v analog inputs: txbbi+, txbbi-, txbbq+, txbbq-, refclk to gnd ...................................-0.3v to +3.6v analog outputs: rxbbi+, rxbbi-, rxbbq+, rxbbq-, rssi, vcobyp, cpout+, cpout-, pabias to gnd ...................................................-0.3v to +3.6v digital inputs: enable, rxtx, cs , sclk, din, rxhp b1?7 to gnd ..................................-0.3v to +3.6v digital outputs: dout, clkout to gnd .............-0.3v to +3.6v short-circuit duration analog outputs: rxbbi+, rxbbi-, rxbbq+, rssi, vcobyp,rxbbq-, cpout+, cpout-, pabias, txrf-, txrf+ ......................................................10s digital outputs: dout, clkout .........................................10s rf input power: rxrf+, rxrf- .....................................+15dbm rf output differential load vswr: txrf+, txrf- .................6:1 continuous power dissipation (t a = +70?) 48-pin thin qfn (derate 37mw/? above +70?) ...... > 2.96w operating temperature range ...........................-40? to +85? junction temperature ......................................................+150? storage temperature range .............................-65? to +160? lead temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300? parameters conditions min typ max units supply voltage v cc_ 2.7 2.8 3.6 v s hutd ow n m ode t a = +25? 12 ? single configuration 35 52 mimo master configuration 44 standby mode, see tables 1 and 2 mimo slave configuration 11 single configuration 103 133 mimo master configuration 112 rx mode, see tables 1 and 2 mimo slave configuration 80 single configuration 152 186 mimo master configuration 160 tx mode, see tables 1 and 2 mimo slave configuration 128 single configuration 142 182 mimo master configuration 151 rx calibration mode, see tables 1 and 2 mimo slave configuration 119 single configuration 111 145 mimo master configuration 120 supply current tx calibration mode, see tables 1 and 2 mimo slave configuration 88 ma d9:d8 = 00 in a4:a0 = 00100 0.8 1.0 1.2 d9:d8 = 01 in a4:a0 = 00100 1.1 d9:d8 = 10 in a4:a0 = 00100 1.2 rx i/q output common-mode voltage d9:d8 = 11 in a4:a0 = 00100 1.35 v caution! esd sensitive device
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 ac electrical characteristics?x mode (max2838 evaluation kit, v cc _ = 2.8v, t a = +25?, f lo = 3.6ghz, f rf = 3.601ghz, receiver baseband i/q outputs at 90mv rms , f ref = 40mhz, cs = enable = rxtx = high, sclk = din = low, channel bandwidth bw = 7mhz, with power matching for the rf inputs using the typical applications and registers set to default settings and corresponding test mode, unless otherwise noted. unmodulated single-tone rf input signal is used with specifications that normally apply over the entire operating conditions, u nless otherwise indicated. rx i/q differential output load impedance = 10k || 8pf.) (note 1) parameters conditions min typ max units tx baseband input common- mode voltage operating range dc-coupled 0.5 1.2 v tx baseband input bias current source current 8 20 a logic inputs: enable, rxtx, sclk, din, cs , b1:b7, rxhp digital input voltage high, v ih v c c - 0.4 v digital input voltage low, v il 0.4 v digital input current high, i ih -1 +1 ? digital input current low, i il -1 +1 ? logic outputs: dout digital output voltage high, v oh sourcing 100? v c c - 0.4 v digital output voltage low, v ol sinking 100? 0.4 v parameter conditions min typ max units receiver section: lna rf input to baseband i/q outputs rf input frequency range 3.3 3.9 ghz peak-to-peak gain variation over rf input frequency range tested at band edges and band center 1.8 db rf input return loss all lna settings 10 db maximum gain, b7:b1 = 0000000 88 98 total voltage gain t a = -40c to +85c minimum gain, b7:b1 = 1111111 5 10 db from max rf gain to max rf gain - 8db 8 from max rf gain to max rf gain - 16db 16 rf gain steps from max rf gain to max rf gain - 32db 32 db any rf or baseband gain change; gain settling to within ?db of steady state; rxhp = 1 200 gain change settling time any rf or baseband gain change; gain settling to within ?.1db of steady state; rxhp = 1 500 ns baseband gain range fr om m axi m um b aseb and g ai n ( b5:b1 = 00000) to m i ni m um b aseb and g ai n ( b5:b1 = 11111) 62 db baseb and gai n m i ni m um s tep s i ze 2db dc electrical characteristics (continued) (max2838 evaluation kit, v cc _ = 2.7v to 3.6v, t a = -40? to +85?, enable and rxtx set according to operating mode, cs = high, sclk = din = low, transmitter and receiver in maximum gain, no input signal at rf inputs, all rf inputs and outputs termi nated into 50 , receiver baseband outputs are open. 90mv rms differential i and q signals (1mhz) applied to i and q baseband inputs of transmitter in transmit mode, all registers set to recommended settings and corresponding test mode, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at v cc = 2.8v, f lo = 3.6ghz, and t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1)
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ ac electrical characteristics?x mode (continued) (max2838 evaluation kit, v cc _ = 2.8v, t a = +25?, f lo = 3.6ghz, f rf = 3.601ghz, receiver baseband i/q outputs at 90mv rms , f ref = 40mhz, cs = enable = rxtx = high, sclk = din = low, channel bandwidth bw = 7mhz, with power matching for the rf inputs using the typical applications and registers set to default settings and corresponding test mode, unless otherwise noted. unmodulated single-tone rf input signal is used with specifications that normally apply over the entire operating conditions, u nless otherwise indicated. rx i/q differential output load impedance = 10k || 8pf.) (note 1) parameter conditions min typ max units voltage gain 65db with max rf gain (b7:b6 = 00) 2.9 v ol tag e g ai n = 50d b w i th m ax rf g ai n - 8d b ( b7:b6 = 01) 7.9 v ol tag e g ai n = 45d b w i th m ax rf g ai n - 16d b ( b7:b6 = 10) 13.7 dsb noise figure v ol tag e g ai n = 15d b w i th m ax rf g ai n - 32d b ( b7:b6 = 11) 31.4 db max rf gain (b7:b6 = 00) -35 max rf gain - 8db (b7:b6 = 01) -27 max rf gain - 16db (b7:b6 = 10) -19 in-band input p-1db max rf gain - 32db (b7:b6 = 11) -3 dbm maximum output signal level over passband frequency range; at any gain setting; 1db compression point, differential output 2.5 v p-p max rf gain (b7:b6 = 00), agc set for -65dbm wanted signal -10 max rf gain - 8db (b7:b6 = 01), agc set for -55dbm wanted signal -5 max rf gain - 16db (b7:b6 = 10), agc set for -40dbm wanted signal -4 out-of-band input ip3 (note 2) max rf gain - 32db (b7:b6 = 11), agc set for -30dbm wanted signal +23 dbm i/q phase error 1mhz baseband output; 1 variation, t a = +25? 0.15 d eg r ees i/q gain imbalance 1mhz baseband output; 1 variation, t a = +25? 0.05 db i/q output dc droop after completion of default power-on on-chip dc cancellation, 1 variation ? v/s i/q static dc offset n o rf i np ut si g nal ; b7:b1 = 0000000, after com p l eti on of d efaul t p ow er - on on- chi p d c cancel l ati on, 1 var i ati on ?.0 mv loopback gain (for receiver i/q calibration) tr ansm itter i/q i nput to r ecei ver i/q outp ut; tr ansm i tter b6:b1 = 000011, r ecei ver b5:b1 = 10011 p r og r am m ed thr oug h s p i -7.0 -2 +2.5 db receiver baseband filters corner frequency 1 600 corner frequency 2 100 corner frequency 3 30 corner frequency 4 1 baseband highpass filter corner frequency corner frequency 5 0.1 khz
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 ac electrical characteristics?x mode (continued) (max2838 evaluation kit, v cc _ = 2.8v, t a = +25?, f lo = 3.6ghz, f rf = 3.601ghz, receiver baseband i/q outputs at 90mv rms , f ref = 40mhz, cs = enable = rxtx = high, sclk = din = low, channel bandwidth bw = 7mhz, with power matching for the rf inputs using the typical applications and registers set to default settings and corresponding test mode, unless otherwise noted. unmodulated single-tone rf input signal is used with specifications that normally apply over the entire operating conditions, u nless otherwise indicated. rx i/q differential output load impedance = 10k || 8pf.) (note 1) parameter conditions min typ max units a4:a0 = 00010 serial bits d7:d4 = 0000 1.5 a4:a0 = 00010 serial bits d7:d4 = 0001 1.75 a4:a0 = 00010 serial bits d7:d4 = 0010 3.5 a4:a0 = 00010 serial bits d7:d4 = 0011 5.0 a4:a0 = 00010 serial bits d7:d4 = 0100 5.5 a4:a0 = 00010 serial bits d7:d4 = 0101 6.0 a4:a0 = 00010 serial bits d7:d4 = 0110 7.0 a4:a0 = 00010 serial bits d7:d4 = 0111 8.0 a4:a0 = 00010 serial bits d7:d4 = 1000 9.0 a4:a0 = 00010 serial bits d7:d4 = 1001 10.0 a4:a0 = 00010 serial bits d7:d4 = 1010 12.0 a4:a0 = 00010 serial bits d7:d4 = 1011 14.0 a4:a0 = 00010 serial bits d7:d4 = 1100 15.0 a4:a0 = 00010 serial bits d7:d4 = 1101 20.0 a4:a0 = 00010 serial bits d7:d4 = 1110 24.0 rf channel bw supported by baseband filter a4:a0 = 00010 serial bits d7:d4 = 1111 28.0 mhz baseband gain ripple 0 to 3.2mhz for bw = 7mhz 1 db p-p baseband group delay ripple 0 to 3.2mhz for bw = 7mhz 65 ns p-p at 4.67mhz 7 at > 10.5mhz 53 at > 14mhz 75 baseband filter rejection for 7mhz rf channel bw at > 29.4mhz 75 db rssi rssi minimum output voltage r load 10k 0.65 v rssi maximum output voltage r load 10k 2.4 v rssi slope 30 mv/db +32db signal step 200 rssi output settling time to within 3db of steady state -32db signal step 800 ns
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ ac electrical characteristics?x mode (max2838 evaluation kit, v cc _ = 2.8v, t a = +25?, f rf = 3.601ghz , f lo = 3.6ghz. f ref = 40mhz, enable = cs = high, and rxtx = sclk = din = low, with power matching for the differential rf pins using the typical operating circuit . lowpass filter is set to 7mhz rf channel bw, 90mv rms sine and cosine signal (or 90mv rms 64qam 1024-fft ofdma fusc i/q signals wherever ofdm is mentioned) applied to baseband i/q inputs of transmitter (differential dc-coupled). registers set to recommended settings an d corresponding test mode, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) parameter conditions min typ max units transmit section: tx baseband i/q inputs to rf outputs rf output frequency range 3.3 3.9 ghz peak-to-peak gain variation over rf band 2.6 db total voltage gain maximum gain; at unbalanced 50 matched output 8 db maximum output power over frequency o fd m si g nal confor m i ng to sp ectr al em i ssi on m ask and - 36d b ev m after i/q i m bal ance cal i br ation by m od em ( n ote 3) 0 dbm rf output return loss all gain settings 7 db rf gain control range 60 db b1 1 b2 2 b3 4 b4 8 b5 16 rf gain control binary weights b6 32 db unwanted sideband suppression without calibration by modem, and excludes modem i/q imbalance; p out = 0dbm -40 dbc carrier leakage rel ati ve to 0d bm outp ut p ow er ; w i thout cal i b r ati on b y m od em -40 dbc minimum differential resistance 60 k tx i/q input impedance (r || c) maximum differential capacitance 0.5 pf 0 to 4.67mhz -8 baseband frequency response for 7mhz rf channel bw at > 13.23mhz -45 db baseband group delay ripple 0 to 4.9mhz (bw = 7mhz) 15 ns p-p ac electrical characteristics?requency synthesis (max2838 evaluation kit, v cc = 2.8v, t a = +25?, f lo = 3.6ghz, f ref = 40mhz, cs = high, sclk = din = low, pll loop bandwidth = 180khz, charge-pump comparison frequency = 40mhz, t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) parameter conditions min typ max units frequency synthesizer rf channel center frequency 3.3 3.9 ghz channel center frequency programming minimum step size 29 hz charge-pump comparison frequency 11 40 mhz reference frequency range 11 40 80 mhz refer ence fr eq uency inp ut level s ac-coupled to refclk pin 800 mv p-p
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 ac electrical characteristics?requency synthesis (continued) (max2838 evaluation kit, v cc = 2.8v, t a = +25?, f lo = 3.6ghz, f ref = 40mhz, cs = high, sclk = din = low, pll loop bandwidth = 180khz, charge-pump comparison frequency = 40mhz, t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) parameter conditions min typ max units a4:a0 = 10100, d2:d1 = 00 1 programmable reference divider values a4:a0 = 10100, d2:d1 = 01 2 closed-loop integrated phase noise loop bw = 180khz, integrate phase noise from 200hz to 5mhz -39 dbc charge-pump output current on each differential side 0.8 ma f offset = 0 to 1.8mhz -45 f offset = 1.8mhz to 7mhz -70 close-in spur level f offset > 7mhz -80 dbc reference spur level f offset 40mhz -73 dbc turnaround lo frequency error rel ati ve to stead y state; m easur ed 35? after tx- rx or rx- tx sw i tchi ng i nstant, and 4? after any r ecei ver g ai n chang es ?0 hz temperature range over which vco maintains lock rel ati ve to the i ni ti al am b i ent tem p er atur e t a , as l ong as the fi nal tem p er atur e i s w i thi n op er ati ng tem p er atur e r ang e t a ?40 ? c lko u t fr eq uency d i vi d er v al ues a4:a0 = 10100, d6:d5 = 01 ( n ote 4) 2 low drive 1.6 clkout output swing r = 10k , c = 10pf high drive 2.4 v p-p external vco input power mimo slave mode only -10 dbm external vco output power mimo master mode only -8 dbm ac electrical characteristics?iscellaneous blocks (max2838 evaluation kit, v cc = 2.8v, f ref = 40mhz, cs = high, sclk = din = low, and t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted) (note 1) parameter conditions min typ max units pa bias dac: current mode numbers of bits 6 minimum output sink current d5:d0 = 000000 in a4:a0 = 11100 0 a maximum output sink current d5:d0 = 111111 in a4:a0 = 11100 310 ? compliance voltage range 0.8 v turn-on time e xcl ud es p r og r am m ab l e d el ay of 0 to 7s i n step s of 0.5? 200 ns dnl 1 lsb pa bias dac: voltage mode output high level 10ma source current v cc - 0.2 v output low level 10ma sink current 0.1 v turn-on time e xcl ud es p r og r am m ab l e d el ay of 0 to 7s i n step s of 0.5? 200 ns on-chip temperature sensor t a = +25? 01111 t a = +85? 11001 digital output code read-out at dout pin through spi a4:a0 = 00111, d4:d0 t a = -40? 00100 temperature step size 5c
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ note 1: min and max limits are guaranteed by test above t a = +25? and are guaranteed by design and characterization at t a = -40?. the power-on register settings are not guaranteed. recommended register setting must be loaded after v cc is supplied. note 2: two tones at +20mhz and +39mhz offset with -35dbm/tone. measure im3 at 1mhz. note 3: gain adjusted over max gain and max gain - 3db. note 4: v cc rise time (0v to 2.7v) must be less than 1ms. ac electrical characteristics?iming (max2838 evaluation kit, v cc = 2.8v, f lo = 3.6ghz, f ref = 40mhz, cs = high, sclk = din = low, pll loop bandwidth = 180khz, and t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units system timing automatic vco sub-band selection 2 ms channel switching time frequency error settles to ?0hz manual vco sub-band selection 56 ? rx to tx 2 turnaround time measured from tx or rx enable rising edge, signal settling to within 0.5db of steady state tx to rx 2 ? tx turn-on time (from standby mode) m easur ed fr om tx enab l e r i si ng ed g e, si g nal settl i ng to w i thi n 0.5d b of stead y state 2s tx tur n- off ti m e ( to s tand b y m od e) from tx-enable falling edge 0.1 ? rx turn-on time (from standby mode) m easur ed fr om rx enab l e r i si ng ed g e, si g nal settl i ng to w i thi n 0.5d b of stead y state 2s rx tur n- off ti m e ( to s tand b y m od e) from rx-enable falling edge 0.1 ? 4-wire serial interface timing (see figure 1) sclk rising edge to cs falling edge wait time t cso 6ns falling edge of cs to rising edge of first sclk time t css 6ns din to sclk setup time t ds 6ns din to sclk hold time t dh 6ns sclk pulse-width high t ch 6ns sclk pulse-width low t cl 6ns last rising edge of sclk to rising edge of cs or clock to load enable setup time t csh 6ns cs high pulse width t csw 20 ns ti m e betw een ri si ng e d g e of c s and the n ext ri si ng e d g e of s c lk t cs1 6ns clock frequency f clk 45 mhz rise time t r f clk / 10 ns fall time t f f clk / 10 ns sclk falling edge to valid dout t d 12.5 ns
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 rx supply current vs. supply voltage max2838toc01 supply voltage (v) supply current (ma) 3.0 89 93 97 101 105 85 2.7 3.3 3.6 +85 c -40 c +25 c noise figure vs. baseband gain setting max2838toc02 baseband vga code noise figure (db) 824 10 20 30 40 50 0 01632 lna = max - 40db lna = max - 32db lna = max - 24db lna = max - 16db lna = max - 8db lna = max rx voltage gain vs. frequency max2838toc03a frequency (ghz) gain (db) 3.6 3.2 20 10 30 40 50 60 0 3.0 3.8 3.4 4.0 lna = max - 40db lna = max - 32db lna = max - 24db lna = max - 16db lna = max - 8db lna = max rx voltage gain (maximum lna gain) vs. frequency max2838toc03b frequency (mhz) gain (db) 3.6 3.4 3.8 46 48 50 52 54 44 3.3 3.7 3.5 3.9 -40 c +85 c +25 c rx voltage gain vs. baseband gain setting max2838toc04 baseband vga code voltage gain (db) 8 40 0 80 120 -40 0 162432 lna = max - 40db lna = max - 32db lna = max - 24db lna = max - 16db lna = max - 8db lna = max rx output v1db vs. gain setting max2838toc05 baseband vga code output v1db (v rms ) 816 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 0 02432 rx evm vs. p in (channel bandwidth = 10mhz, 64 qam fusc) max2838toc06 p in (dbm) evm (%) -80 -60 4 2 6 8 10 14 12 16 18 20 22 0 -100 -90 -70 -40 -20 -50 0 -10 -30 10 lna = max - 40db lna = max - 32db lna = max - 24db lna = max - 16db lna = max - 8db lna = max rx evm vs. v out (channel bandwidth = 10mhz, 64 qam fusc) max2838toc07 v out (dbv rms ) evm (%) -10 -25 4 8 12 16 0 -30 -15 -20 wimax evm vs. ofdm jammer (7mhz channel bandwidth, 64 qam fusc) max2838toc08a p jammer at antenna (dbm) evm (%) -30 -50 -60 8 10 12 2 4 6 14 0 -70 -40 -20 f offset = 7mhz f offset = 14mhz p wanted = p sensitivity + 3db = -71.4dbm at antenna (including 4db front-end loss). evm at p sensitivity = 6%, without jammer. typical operating characteristics (v cc = 2.8v, t a = +25?, f lo = 3.6ghz, f ref = 40mhz, cs = high, rxhp = sclk = din = low, rf bw = 7mhz, using the max2838 evaluation kit.) receiver
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ typical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = 2.8v, t a = +25?, f lo = 3.6ghz, f ref = 40mhz, cs = high, rxhp = sclk = din = low, rf bw = 7mhz, using the max2838 evaluation kit.) wimax evm vs. ofdm jammer (10mhz channel bandwidth, 64 qam fusc) max2838toc08b p jammer at antenna (dbm) evm (%) -30 -50 -60 8 10 12 2 4 6 14 0 -70 -40 -20 f offset = 10mhz f offset = 20mhz p wanted = p sensitivity + 3db = -70.3dbm at antenna (including 4db front-end loss). evm at p sensitivity = 5.85%, without jammer. rx emission spectrum, lna input (tx off, lna = max) max2838toc09 0hz 26.5ghz (dbm) -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 rx input differential impedance vs. frequency max2838toc10 3.3 3.5 3.7 frequency (ghz) 3.9 real component ( ) imaginary component ( ) 26 30 29 28 27 -75 -55 -60 -65 -70 imaginary real rx input return loss vs. frequency (lna = max) max2838toc11a 30khz 6.0ghz (db) -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 3.9ghz 3.6ghz 3.3ghz rssi voltage vs. input power max2838toc12 p in (dbm) rssi voltage (v) 1.5 1.0 2.0 2.5 0.5 -100 -40 -10 -70 lna = max - 40db lna = max - 32db lna = max - 24db lna = max - 16db lna = max - 8db lna = max rx rssi step response (+40db signal step) max2838toc13 200ns/div 3v 0v 1.45v 0.45v lna gain control rssi output rx rssi step response (-40db signal step) max2838toc14 200ns/div 3v 0v 1.5v 0.45v lna gain control rssi rx lpf group delay vs. frequency max2838toc15 frequency (mhz) lpf group delay (ns) 200 300 250 50 150 100 350 0 0 6 12 16 10 14 24 8 channel bw = 5mhz channel bw = 8mhz channel bw = 9mhz channel bw = 10mhz rx input return loss vs. frequency (lna = max - 32db) max2838toc11b 30khz 6.0ghz (db) -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 3.9ghz 3.6ghz 3.3ghz
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 typical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = 2.8v, t a = +25?, f lo = 3.6ghz, f ref = 40mhz, cs = high, rxhp = sclk = din = low, rf bw = 7mhz, using the max2838 evaluation kit.) rx dc offset settling response (+8db bb vga gain step) max2838toc16 10 s/div 2v/div 10mv/div vga gain control rx dc offset settling response (-8db bb vga gain step) max2838toc17 10 s/div 2v/div 10mv/div vga gain control rx dc offset settling response (-16db bb vga gain step) max2838toc18 10 s/div 2v/div 10mv/div vga gain control rx dc offset settling response (-32db bb vga gain step) max2838toc19 10 s/div 2v/div 10mv/div vga gain control rx bbvga settling response (+8db gain step) max2838toc20 200ns/div 100mv/div 2v/div vga gain control rx bbvga settling response (-8db bb vga gain step) max2838toc21 200ns/div 100mv/div 2v/div vga gain control rx bbvga settling response (-16db gain step) max2838toc22 200ns/div 500mv/div 2v/div vga gain control rx bbvga settling response (-32db gain step) max2838toc23 200ns/div 1v/div 2v/div vga gain control rx lna settling response (max to max - 8db) max2838toc24 1 s/div 500mv/div 2v/div lna gain control
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver 12 ______________________________________________________________________________________ rx lna settling response (max to max - 16db) max2838toc25 1 s/div 500mv/div 2v/div lna gain control rx bb frequency response max2838toc26 frequency (mhz) response (db) -20 0 -10 -50 -60 -30 -40 10 -70 10 100 0.1 1 rx bb frequency response max2838toc27 frequency (mhz) response (db) -1 1 0 -4 -5 -2 -3 2 -6 10 100 0.1 1 histogram: iq gain imbalance max2838toc28 1 /div 316 395 79 237 158 474 mean = 0 dev = 51.8mv sample size = 7839 histogram: rx phase imbalance max2838toc29 1 /div 516 645 129 387 258 774 mean = 0 dev = 0.11878 sample size = 7841 histogram: rx static dc offset max2838toc30 1 /div 664 830 166 498 332 996 mean = 0 dev = 0.23981mv sample size = 7841 power-on dc offset cancellation with input signal max2838toc31a 4.00 s/div 2v/div 200mv/div enable tx supply current vs. supply voltage max2838toc32 supply voltage (v) supply current (ma) 157 151 148 154 160 145 3.3 3.6 2.7 3.0 +85 c -40 c +25 c power-on dc offset cancellation without input signal max2838toc31b 2 s/div 2v/div 10mv/div enable typical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = 2.8v, t a = +25?, f lo = 3.6ghz, f ref = 40mhz, cs = high, rxhp = sclk = din = low, rf bw = 7mhz, using the max2838 evaluation kit.) transmitter
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 tx baseband frequency response max2838toc33a frequency (mhz) response (db) -1 1 0 -4 -5 -2 -3 2 -6 0.1 10 100 1 tx output power vs. frequency max2838toc34 frequency (mhz) p out (dbm) 2 -4 -6 0 -2 4 -8 3300 3700 3900 3400 3600 3500 3800 -40 c +85 c tx gain set to max - 3db +25 c tx output power vs. gain setting max2838toc35 tx gain code p out (dbm) -10 -30 -50 10 -70 064 32 16 48 -40 c +85 c +25 c tx output spectrum max2838toc36 3.625ghz 3.583ghz 10db/div p out = 0dbm mask tx carrier suppression vs. frequency max2838toc37 frequency (mhz) cs (dbc) -45 -60 -65 -50 -40 -55 -35 -70 3300 3700 3900 3400 3600 3500 3800 -40 c +85 c tx gain set to max - 3db +25 c tx carrier suppression vs. gain setting max2838toc38 tx gain code cs (dbc) -30 -45 -50 -35 -25 -40 -60 -65 -55 -20 -70 064 32 48 16 -40 c +85 c +25 c tx sideband suppression vs. frequency max2838toc39 frequency (mhz) ss (dbc) -40 -70 -80 -50 -60 -30 -90 3300 3700 3900 3400 3600 3500 3800 -40 c +85 c tx gain set to max - 3db +25 c tx sideband suppression vs. gain setting max2838toc40 tx gain code ss (dbc) -40 -60 -50 -70 -30 -80 070 50 30 60 10 40 20 -40 c +85 c +25 c tx baseband frequency response max2838toc33 frequency (mhz) response (db) -20 0 -10 -50 -60 -30 -40 10 -70 0.1 10 100 1 channel bw = 5mhz channel bw = 1.5mhz channel bw = 28mhz channel bw = 20mhz channel bw = 12mhz channel bw = 1.75mhz typical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = 2.8v, t a = +25?, f lo = 3.6ghz, f ref = 40mhz, cs = high, rxhp = sclk = din = low, rf bw = 7mhz, using the max2838 evaluation kit.)
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver 14 ______________________________________________________________________________________ typical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = 2.8v, t a = +25?, f lo = 3.6ghz, f ref = 40mhz, cs = high, rxhp = sclk = din = low, rf bw = 7mhz, using the max2838 evaluation kit.) evm vs. tx output power (64 qam fusc, 10mhz channel bandwidth) max2838toc41 p out (dbm) evm (%) 1.6 0.8 1.2 0.4 2.0 0 -40 -10 0 -30 -20 tx output emission spectrum max2838toc42 (dbm) -10 -50 -30 -70 10 -90 0 -40 -20 -60 -80 0hz 26.5ghz f lo f lo / 3 f lo x 4/3 f lo x 2 histogram: tx lo leakage max2838toc43 1 /div 248 310 62 186 124 372 mean = -46.235dbc dev = 5.1577db sample size = 7841 histogram: tx sideband suppression max2838toc44 1 /div 336 420 84 252 168 504 mean = -47.856dbc dev = 2.8827db sample size = 7841 tx output return loss vs. frequency max2838toc45 (db) 30 -10 10 -30 50 -50 40 0 20 -20 -40 30khz 6.0ghz 3.9ghz 3.6ghz 3.3ghz lo frequency vs. differential tune voltage max2838toc46 differential tune voltage (v) lo frequency (ghz) 4.0 3.6 3.8 3.4 3.2 4.2 3.0 0 1.5 1.0 2.5 2.0 0.5 phase noise vs. offset frequency max2838toc47 offset frequency (mhz) phase noise (dbc/hz) -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120 -130 -140 -150 0.0001 0.1 0.01 10 1 0.001 vco gain vs. differential tune voltage max2838toc48 differential tune voltage (v) vco gain (mhz/v) 200.00 180.00 160.00 140.00 120.00 100.00 80.00 60.00 40.00 20.00 0.00 0 1.5 1.0 2.5 2.0 0.5 channel-switching frequency settling (3.3ghz to 3.9ghz, manual vco sub-band selection) max2838toc49a 99.69 time ( s) 0 10khz/div -50khz 50khz synthesizer
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15 channel-switching frequency settling (3.9ghz to 3.3ghz, automatic vco sub-band selection) max2838toc49c 1.998 time (ms) 0 10khz/div -50khz 50khz channel-switching frequency settling (3.3ghz to 3.9ghz, automatic vco sub-band selection) max2838toc49d 1.998 time (ms) 0 10khz/div -50khz 50khz rx-to-tx turnaround frequency glitch settling max2838toc50 4 s/div 1khz/div 2v/div frequency error rxtx tx-to-rx turnaround frequency glitch settling max2838toc51 4 s/div 1khz/div 2v/div frequency error rxtx typical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = 2.8v, t a = +25?, f lo = 3.6ghz, f ref = 40mhz, cs = high, rxhp = sclk = din = low, rf bw = 7mhz, using the max2838 evaluation kit.) channel-switching frequency settling (3.9ghz to 3.3ghz, manual vco sub-band selection) max2838toc49b 99.69 time ( s) 0 10khz/div -50khz 50khz
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver 16 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 imux 37 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 rx i outputs tx input rssi mux am detector serial interface reference buffer serial interface pll pll loop filter reference clock input serial inputs serial inputs reference clock buffer output rssi to rssi mux qmux max2838 imux/qmux 90 0 temp sensor rssi cs sclk gndvco gndcp cpout+ cpout- vcccp refclk vccdig clkout sclk cs vcctxmx pabias rxbbq+ rxbbq- b6 b7 rssi din dout extvco+ extvco- vcclo vccvco gndvco external vco input or output vcobyp rx q outputs serial inputs serial inputs rx gain control rx/tx gain control rxbbi- rxhp vccrxvga rxbbi+ vccrxfl txbbi- txbbi+ txbbq+ txbbq- vccrxmx rxtx enable rx baseband hpf control mode control vccrxlna gndrxlna b5 rxrf+ rxrf- b4 vcctxpad b3 b2 txrf+ txrf- b1 rx/tx gain control rx/tx gain control rx/tx gain control rx/tx gain control tx output rx input rx/tx gain control typical operating circuit
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver ______________________________________________________________________________________ 17 pin name function 1 vccrxlna lna supply voltage. bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin. 2 gndrxlna lna ground 3 b5 receiver and transmitter gain-control logic input bit 5 4 rxrf+ 5 rxrf- lna differential inputs. inputs are internally dc-coupled. two external series capacitors and one shunt inductor match the inputs to 100 differential. 6 b4 receiver and transmitter gain-control logic input bit 4 7 vcctxpad supply voltage for power-amplifier driver. bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin. 8 b3 receiver and transmitter gain-control logic input bit 3 9 b2 receiver and transmitter gain-control logic input bit 2 10 txrf+ 11 txrf- power-amplifier driver differential output. outputs are internally dc-coupled. two external series capacitors and one shunt inductor match the outputs to 100 differential. 12 b1 receiver and transmitter gain-control logic input bit 1 13 pabias transmit pa bias dac output 14 vcctxmx transmitter upconverter supply voltage. bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin. 15 cs chip-select logic input of 4-wire serial interface (see figure 1) 16 sclk serial-clock logic input of 4-wire serial interface (see figure 1) 17 clkout reference clock divided output 18 vccdig digital circuit supply voltage. bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin. 19 refclk reference clock input 20 vcccp pll charge-pump supply voltage. bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin. 21 gndcp charge-pump circuit ground 22 cpout+ 23 cpout- differential charge-pump output. connect the frequency synthesizer? loop filter between cpout+ and cpout- (see the typical operating circuit ). 24 gndvco vco ground 25 vcobyp on-chip vco regulator output bypass. bypass with a 1? capacitor to gnd. do not connect other circuitry to this point. 26 vccvco vco supply voltage. bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin. 27 vcclo lo generation supply voltage. bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin. 28 extvco- 29 extvco+ external vco differential input or output. input for slave configuration and output for master configuration. leave unconnected for single configuration. 30 dout data logic output of 4-wire serial interface (see figure 1) 31 din data logic input of 4-wire serial interface (see figure 1) 32 rssi rssi or temperature sensor multiplexed analog output 33 b7 receiver gain-control logic input bit 7 34 b6 receiver and transmitter gain-control logic input bit 6 35 rxbbq- 36 rxbbq+ receiver baseband q-channel differential outputs. in tx calibration mode, these pins are the lo leakage and sideband detector outputs. 37 rxbbi- 38 rxbbi+ receiver baseband i-channel differential outputs. in tx calibration mode, these pins are the lo leakage and sideband detector outputs. 39 vccrxvga receiver vga supply voltage. bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin. pin description
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver 18 ______________________________________________________________________________________ pin name function 40 rxhp receiver baseband ac-coupling highpass corner frequency control logic input. connect to ground if not being used. 41 vccrxfl receiver baseband filter supply voltage. bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin. 42 txbbi- 43 txbbi+ transmitter baseband i-channel differential inputs 44 txbbq+ 45 txbbq- transmitter baseband q-channel differential inputs 46 vccrxmx receiver downconverters supply voltage. bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin. 47 rxtx mode control logic input. see table 1 for operating modes. 48 enable mode control logic input. see table 1 for operating modes. ?p exposed paddle. connect to the ground plane with multiple vias for proper operation and heat dissipation. do not share with any other pin grounds and bypass capacitors?ground. pin description (continued) mode control logic inputs circuit block states mode spi reg 16, d1:d0 (note 6) enable pin rxtx pin rx path tx path pll, vco clock out cali- bration sec t i o n s on shutdown xx 0 0 off off off off none standby (note 7) 01 0 1 off off on on none clock out 00 (note 11) 0 1 off off off on none rx 01 1 1 on off ( n ote 8) on on none tx 01 1 0 off on on on none tx calibration (note 9) 11 1 0 off on (except pa driver) on on am d etector + rx i,q b uffer s rx calibration (note 10) 11 1 1 on (except lna) on (except pa driver) on on loopback table 1. operating mode for mimo master and single configuration (note 5) note 5: set spi reg 24 d1:d0 = ?0?for single-transceiver mode of operation. set spi reg 16 d4:d3 = ?1,?reg 24 d8 = ?,?reg 24 d1:d0 = ?1?for mimo master configuration. note 6: unused states of spi reg 16, d1:d0 above are not tested, and therefore, should not be used. note 7: parts of transceiver may be selectively enabled. note 8: pa bias dac may be kept active in these non-transmit mode(s) by spi programming. note 9: set spi reg 5 d5 = ??to mux am detector output to rxbb pins. note 10: set spi reg 26 d3 = ?. note 11: clkout signal is active independent of the states of spi reg 16, d1:d0, and is only dependent on the states of enable and rxtx pins. however, to ensure that the rest of the chip is off when the clkout is active in the clock-out mode, set spi reg 16, d1:d0 to ?0?as shown above.
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver ______________________________________________________________________________________ 19 detailed description configurations the max2838 can be configured in a) single mode, for non-mimo or siso applications, b) mimo master mode, and c) mimo slave mode. options b) and c) are for mimo applications where a coherent lo is required for all transmitters and all receivers. modes of operation the modes of operation for the max2838 are clock-out, shutdown, standby, tx, rx, tx calibration, and rx cali- bration. see table 1 for a summary of the modes of operation. the logic input pins?xtx (pin 47) and enable (pin 48)?ontrol the various modes. shutdown mode (complete ic power-down) all circuit blocks are powered down, except the 4-wire serial bus and its internal programmable registers. current drain is the minimum possible with the supply voltages applied. if the digital supply voltage is applied at the vccdig pin, the registers can be loaded. standby mode pll, vco, and lo generation blocks are on, so that tx or rx modes can be quickly enabled from this mode. these and other blocks may be selectively enabled in this mode. rx mode all rx circuit blocks are powered on and active. antenna signal is applied; rf is downconverted, fil- tered, and buffered at rx bb i & q outputs. tx mode all tx circuit blocks are powered on. the external pa is powered on after a programmable delay. clock-out only only the clock-out signal is active on the clkout pin. the clock output divider is also functional. the rest of the transceiver is powered down. rx calibration part of the rx and tx circuit blocks except the lna and pa driver are powered on and active. the transmitter iq input signal is upconverted to rf and at the output of the tx gain control (vga). it is fed to the receiver at the input of the downconverter. either or both of the two receiver channels can be connected to the transmitter and powered on. the i/q lowpass filters are not present in the transmitter signal path (they are bypassed). tx calibration all tx circuit blocks except the pa driver and external pa are powered on and active. the am detector and receiver i/q channel buffers are also on, along with multiplexers in receiver side to route this am detector? signal to each i and q differential lines. mode control logic inputs circuit block states mode spi reg 16, d1:d0 (note 4) enable pin rxtx pin rx path tx path pll, vco clock out c a l i- b r a t i o n sec t i o n s o n shutdown xx 0 0 off off off off none standby (note 7) 01 0 1 off off off on none clock out 00 (note 11) 0 1 off off off on none rx 01 1 1 on off ( n ote 8) off on none tx 01 1 0 off on off on none tx calibration (note 9) 11 1 0 off on (except pa driver) off on am d etector + rx i,q b uffer s rx calibration (note 10) 11 1 1 on (except lna) on (except pa driver) off on loop-back table 2 . operating mode for mimo slave configuration (note 12) note 12: set spi reg 16 d4:3 = ?0,?reg 24 d8 = ?,?reg 24 d1:0 = ?0?to select the mimo slave configuration.
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver 20 ______________________________________________________________________________________ programmable registers and 4-wire spi-interface the max2838 includes 32 programmable 16-bit regis- ters. the most significant bit (msb) is the read/write selection bit. the next 5 bits are register addresses. the 10 least significant bits (lsbs) are register data. register data is loaded through the 4-wire spi/microwire-compatible serial interface. data at the din pin is shifted in msb first and is framed by cs . when cs is low, the clock is active, and input data is shifted at the rising edge of the clock. during the read mode, register data selected by address bits is shifted out to the dout pin at the falling edges of the clock. at cs rising edge, the 10-bit data bits are latched into the register selected by address bits. see figure 1 . microwire is a trademark of national semiconductor corp. chip information process: bicmos din sclk bit 6 bit 2 bit 1 t ds t dh bit 14 bit 13 bit 5 t ch t cl t csh cs t cso t css t csw t cs1 dout don? care spi register write din sclk bit 2 bit 1 t d bit 5 cs dout don? care spi register read bit 6 bit 14 bit 13 don? care figure 1. 4-wire spi serial-interface timing diagram
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver ______________________________________________________________________________________ 21 package information for the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages . package type package code document no. 48 tqfn-ep t4866+2 21-0141
max2838 3.3ghz to 3.9ghz wireless broadband rf transceiver maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a maxim product. no circu it patent licenses are implied. maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 22 ____________________maxim integrated products, 120 san gabriel drive, sunnyvale, ca 94086 408-737-7600 2008 maxim integrated products is a registered trademark of maxim integrated products, inc. revision history revision number revision date description pages changed 0 10/07 initial release 1 8/08 removed clkout frequency divide-by-1 ratio in ac electrical characteristicsfrequency synthesis table 7

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